Aalad Awood leh oo Helitaanka Guriyeynta Ku Barwaaqayso Minnesota

"Waxaan u baahanahay inaan hubinno inay jirto meel qof walba u leeyahay, sababtoo ah taasi waa waxa ka dhigaya adduun caddaalad ah oo caddaalad ah."

- Mikeya Griffen, Rondo Community Land Trust

1858, afar sano uun kadib markii St. Paul lagu daray, Joseph Rondeau ayaa iibsaday 40 acres dhulka ku yaala Magaalada Summit-Jaamacadda. Baakadahaas ayaa ugu dambayntii noqday xaafadda Rondo, bulsho madow oo buux dhaafisay kaniisado, dugsiyo, guryo, iyo ganacsiyo soo korayay muddo tobanaan sano ah.

Sannadkii 1950-meeyadii, 85% ee beesha St. Paul ee Afrikaanka Ameerika waxay ku noolaayeen Rondo-ilaa la kala gooyay kala badh dhismihii I-94 ee 1956. Intii ay socotay, in ka badan 300 oo meherado madow ah ayaa la xidhay, in ka badan 700 oo gurina waxay lahaayeen waxaa laga soo qaaday xaafada isku xidhan iyadoo loo sii maraayo meel caan ah.

Maanta, the Rondo Community Land Trust (RCLT) waxay ka shaqaynaysaa inay saxdo khaladaadkii hore. "Iyada oo qayb ka ah qaab-dhismeedka dib u habeynta RCLT, waxaan leenahay 'Xuquuqda ku noqoshada Rondo' halkaas oo aanu ku lammaanaynno farcanka Rondo oo leh doollar iyo dakhli badan si ay u soo galaan oo ay guryo u iibsadaan,” ayuu yidhi agaasimaha fulinta ee RCLT, Mikeya Griffin. "Oo waxay helayaan xaqa diidmada ugu horreysa ee goob kasta oo ka mid ah goobaha ganacsiga."

RCLT waa mid ka mid ah in ka badan dersin Community Land Trusts (CLT) ee gobolka oo dhan kuwaas oo ka shaqaynaya sidii ay reer Minnesota u abuuri lahaayeen waddo waara oo lahaanshaha guri oo la awoodi karo. Duluth's Hal Dhisme Bulsho, hay'ad aan faa'iido doon ahayn oo bixisa adeegyada guryeynta oo ay weheliso cudud CLT, waxay sidaas oo kale ka qabataa waqooyiga Minnesota halka ay Isbahaysiga Dib-u-dejinta ee Bulshada Minnesota (MCLTC) waxay taageertaa oo u dooddaa CLT-yada gobolka oo dhan.

Community Land Trusts, oo ka shaqaynayey Minnesota in ka badan 30 sano, waxay ka shaqeeyaan iibsashada dhul, inta badan guryo leh, oo gelinaya ammaano. Halkaa, dadka degan waxay ku iibsan karaan guri wax ka yar qiimaha suuqa inta ay ka kiraysanayaan dhulka ay ku fadhiyaan Hay'adda. Gobolka oo dhan, in ka badan 1,400 guri iyo in ka badan 2,000 oo qoys oo maalkoodu hooseeyo waxay hadda dhisayaan jiilka iyo hantida bulshada iyada oo loo marayo lahaanshaha guri ee CLT, xisaabinta inta u dhaxaysa 9% iyo 11% dhammaan unugyada CLT ee Maraykanka.

Guriga CLT waxaa iska leh milkiilaha guriga si la mid ah sida guri kasta uu sameeyo. Farqiga u dhexeeya ayaa ah in marka mulkiilaha CLT uu diyaar u yahay inuu iibiyo, faa'iidada waxay u qaybsantaa mulkiilaha guriga iyo Community Land Trust. Kalsoonidu waxay dib u gelisaa faa'iidada ay leedahay si ay guriga ugu sii hayso mid la awoodi karo, halka mulkiilaha gurigu uu ka faa'iidaysan karo qaybtiisa si uu u sii wado dhisidda hantida, xoojinta bulshadiisa, iyo keenista hamigooda nolol.

CLT-yadu maaha dariiqa kaliya ee loo maro lahaanshaha la awoodi karo, laakiin waa mid awood leh-gaar ahaan gobolka sida Minnesota, oo leh nidaam guri oo la awoodi karo oo aan loo simanayn Halka qoysaska midabka leh ay kala badh u dhowdahay inay lahaadaan guri oo ay 2.6 jeer ka badan tahay inay si aad ah u cuslaatay marka ay sameeyaan.

Hay'adaha Dhulalka Bulshada "waxay ka qaadaan dhulka xoogaga suuqa, iyagoo ilaalinaya awoodaha guriga muddo aad u dheer," ayuu yiri Chad Schwitters, sarkaalka sare ee barnaamijka McKnight's Fair and Just Housing faylalka, istaraatijiyad ku jirta barnaamijkeeda Bulshooyinka Firfircoon iyo Sinnaanta. "Runtii waa maalgashi soo jiidasho leh sababtoo ah lacag kasta oo la geliyo Hay'adda waxay ku koraan wakhti ka dib mahadnaqa hantida."

Jeff Corey, oo ah maamulaha fulinta One Roof, faa'iidooyinka Community Land Trust ayaa aad uga sarreeya lahaanshaha guri ee qoysaska gaarka ah.

"Marka qoysku u soo guuro Guriga Aaminadda Dhulka Beesha, waxay awoodaan inay helaan xasilloonida ogaanshaha inay sii joogi karaan gurigaas, xaafadda, degmada dugsiga, iyo beesha kaniisadda," ayuu yidhi. "Ka hor inta aan la iibsan guri, qaar badan oo ka mid ah milkiilayaasheena - badankoodu waxay leeyihiin carruur ku tiirsan - waxay guuraan ku dhawaad sannadkii" iyagoo raadinaya guryo la awoodi karo.

"Marka qoysku u soo guuro Guriga Aaminadda Dhulka Beesha, waxay awoodaan inay helaan xasilloonida ogaanshaha inay sii joogi karaan gurigaas, xaafadda, degmada dugsiga, iyo beesha kaniisadda. Kahor intaanay iibsan guri, qaar badan oo ka mid ah milkiilayaasheena - kuwaas oo intooda badan leh caruur ku tiirsan - waxay guuraan ku dhawaad sanad walba."

- Jeff Corey, Hal Saqaf

Andrea Reese, agaasimaha fulinta ee City of Lakes Community Land Trust iyo lafteeda mulkiilaha CLT ilaa 2018, waxay aaminsantahay in diirada la saaro lahaanshaha guriga sababtoo ah waxa ay suurtogal ka dhigayso. "Lahaanshaha gurigu wuxuu bixiyaa aasaas, wuxuu bixiyaa xasillooni. Waxay ku sii qulquli doontaa caafimaadka, waxay ku qulquli doontaa waxbarashada - marka bulshooyinku arkaan inaan dhab ahaantii samayn karno waxyaalahan. Ma aha 'haddii aan guri iibsanayo' laakiin 'markii aan guri iibsanayo'. Rajadu aad bay muhiim u tahay.”

Community Land Trusts waxay u abuurtaa buundo muhiim u ah lahaanshaha guriga kuwa aan si kale u awoodin inay iska bixiyaan kharashka guriga suuqa guryaha ee cirka isku shareeray, iyadoo sidoo kale la siinayo xasilloonida lagama maarmaanka u ah in si joogto ah gacan looga geysto bulshada deegaanka ee firfircoon. Tani waa sida ay CLT-yadu u caawiyaan hubinta in dad badan oo reer Minnesota ah oo midabka iyo maalkoodu hooseeyo reer Minnesota ay awood u leeyihiin inay hanti ku dhistaan lahaanshaha guri, oo ah tiirka Xeeladda Guriyeynta Caddaalad iyo Caddaalad, kaas oo maamulay maalgalintii hore ee McKnight ee dhaq-dhaqaaqa Bulshada Dhulka ee Minnesota.

"Dhammaantii horraantii 2000-meeyadii, waxaan ogaannay inaan u baahannahay urur taageero si uu u caawiyo soo koraya kalsoonida dhulka ee gobolka iyada oo loo marayo tababaro, shirar, iyo si ka sii muhiimsan si loo abuuro wacyiga adduunka maalgelinta… si aan u taageerno shaqada CLTs ee gobolka oo dhan," ayuu yiri Jeff Washburne. , maamulaha MCLTC. "Maalmihii hore, mid ka mid ah hay'adaha u kicitimay inay maalgeliyaan Hay'adaha Dhulka Bulshada ee halkan Minnesota iyo Isbahaysiga Aaminaadda Dhulka ee Bulshada Minnesota wuxuu ahaa McKnight Foundation."

Taageerada McKnight waxay sidoo kale caawisaa CLT-yada ku saleysan goobta sida One Roof inay qabtaan shaqadooda ugu fiican. "Maalgelinta [McKnight] waxay ina siinaysaa awoodda aan ugu shaqayno si wax ku ool ah oo waara," Corey ayaa yidhi. "Waxay la macno tahay inaan sii haysan karno shaqaale heersare ah oo qabanaya shaqo firfircoon, adag, oo saamayn ku leh bulshada dhexdeeda. Kani waa sannadkii ugu horreeyay ee qorshaheenna istaraatiijiyadeed ee cusub kaas oo kordhin kara shaqadayada Aaminaadda Dhulka Bulshada ee laba laab.

Saamaynta wadajirka ah ee ururada sida One Roof iyo Rondo CLT ayaa laga arki karaa nidaamka deegaanka CLT ee adag ee Minnesota. "Dadka oo dhan, bulshooyinka, Hay'adaha Dhulka Beesha, iyo horumariyayaal kale oo aan faa'iido doon ahayn ayaa si isa soo taraysa uga hinaasay waxa aan halkan ku hayno ee Minnesota, qayb ahaan sababtoo ah dabeecadda wada shaqayneed ee Hay'adaha Dhulka Bulshada halkan," Washburne ayaa sharraxday.

"Waxaan had iyo jeer ahayn il furan oo ku saabsan dhammaan siyaasadaha, dukumentiyada, iyo barnaamijyada aan ka abuurnay gobolka. Labadii sano ee la soo dhaafay, gaar ahaan Minnesota weyn, waxaa ka bilowday dhowr hay'adood oo Land Trusts ah. In Hay'adahaas cusub ee Dhulka Beesha ay ku tiirsanaan karaan qaar ka mid ah Hay'adaha Dhul-beeleed ee ugu khibradda dheer qaranka halkan gobolka-oo ay awoodaan in ay helaan kheyraadkaas iyaga oo aan bixin wax lacag ah - waa natiijada maalgashiga tooska ah ee ay sameeyeen. McKnight iyo maalgeliyayaashii kale ee sannadihii hore ee Isbahaysiga Trust Land Trust Community Community."

Ku saabsan Qoraaga: Qorfe Janzer waxay u heellan tahay in ay ka warbixiso sheekooyinka yar yar ee laga soo sheegay dhulka weyn ee Great Plains, oo ku takhasusay falanqaynta, warbixinta "maalinta labaad". Janzer waxay si joogto ah u daabacdaa dhowr xarumood oo ay ku jiraan Al Jazeera, The Guardian, National Geographic, Conde Nast Traveler, Food & Wine, Next City, The Reformer Minnesota, iyo in ka badan.